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poisonous moths florida
At first I thought they looked like Atala caterpillars, but as we both know, we are too far north and on the wrong coast. Dropping from host plants in response to predators by a polyphagous caterpillar. Figure 31. It is also named puss moth caterpillar. The white admiral caterpillar is a Florida caterpillar that looks like bird poop. Recently molted male fir tussock moth (Orgyia detrita) pupa (ventral view). American dagger Moth Caterpillar (Acronicta americana). Grant GG, Slessor KN, Wei L, Abou-zaid MM. To identify the forester moth caterpillar, look for a bright yellow caterpillar with black markings along its back and sides. One of the unusual caterpillars youll find in Florida is the cecropia moth caterpillar. These caterpillars have two to four clusters of spines protruding from the rear of its body. The characteristic trait of this furry caterpillar is a wide rusty brown band around a black body. Photograph by Donald W. Hall, University of Florida. To identify the luna moth caterpillar, look for its brown head, lines of bright red dots running along its light green body, four pairs of large prolegs, and three pairs of brown forelegs. Severity can vary for each individual. north of Mexico (OHara 2012). The itch and welt could last up to a day, but it varies between individuals. After hatching, the young larvae feed on the remaining egg mass and then spin a silk thread that they use to balloon for dispersal (Thurston 2002). Fir tussock moth (Orgyia detrita) caterpillar (dorsal view). The caterpillars may be contacted when they drop from the host trees or when they wander from the trees in search of a place to spin their cocoons. Fir tussock moth caterpillar (Orgyia detrita) parasitized by wasps. The American dagger caterpillar is a hairy pale yellow caterpillar with long black pencil hairs. Moths are incapable of biting, especially when adults, making them even less of a harm to humans. Spiny Oak Slug Caterpillar (Euclea delphinii). The sub-dorsal areas (sides) can be a dark gray as in Figures 1 and 2, or they can be light gray to light yellow as in Figure 3. The forester moth caterpillar is a bright yellow or yellowish-green caterpillar with two rows of black dots on its back. Photograph by Lyle Buss, University of Florida. After mating, the females lay a mass of eggs directly on the cocoon and cover them with a protective covering. Figure 26. 632-633) listed the following tachinid parasitoids of Orgyia leucostigma: Bessa selecta (Meigen), Carcelia amplexa (Coquillet), Carcelia perplexa Sellers, Carcelia yalensis Sellers, Compsilura concinnata (Meigen), Drino inconspicua (Meigen)*, Euphorocera claripennis (Macquart), Euphorocera edwardsii (Williston), Exorista lobelia Coquillet (currently Nilea lobelia [Coquillet]), Exorista mella Walker, Leshenaultia spp., Lespesia aletiae (Riley), Lespesia frenchii (Williston), Patella leucaniae (Coquillet), Phorocera spp., Sisyropa spp., Winthemia datanae (Townsend), and Winthemia quadripustulata (Fabricius). At the Florida Poison Information Center Miami, where every kind of chemical, insect and reptile assault on human flesh has been encountered, 227 caterpillar calls were logged from South. Associated Publishers. The caterpillar grows up to 2 (5 cm) long. The dark-colored caterpillar has fine hairs covering its body, giving it a velvety appearance. However, there are techniques a homeowner can use to decrease the pressure by the Household Casebearer. This appears when the caterpillar is threatened, and it looks like a forked snakes tongue. Yellow Florida Forester Moth Caterpillar (Zygaenidae). Eight-Spotted Forester Caterpillar (Alypia octomaculata). The puss caterpillar - one of the most venomous of its kind in the USA - has appeared in Florida, Texas and South Carolina. A few common hosts include oak, cherry, hackberry, and willow. Note purple tint on wings and white tornal spot. At rest, they hold their first pair of legs in an outstretched position. Volume 17 of Arthropods of Florida and Neighboring Land Areas. Completed cocoon of fir tussock moth (Orgyia detrita). Figure 10. Figure 8. Its easy to identify a monkey slug caterpillar because there is no other insect larva like it. Gries R, Khaskin G, Khaskin E, Foltz JL, Schaefer PW, Gries G. 2003. Fir tussock moth (Orgyia detrita) caterpillar (dorsal view). While most butterflies and moths are likely non-toxic to hungry humans, a few species -- like the familiar monarch butterfly (Family Nymphalidae) -- feed on poisonous or unpalatable plants as larvae. They have dense yellow setae (short hairs covering the body) that are mildly poisonous. The black caterpillar with yellow spots that you describe sounds like a monarch caterpillar. Additionally, it is called an asp caterpillar because the painful sting can be as excruciating as a snake bite. Young caterpillars feed exclusively on new growth but mature larvae feed on older foliage as well. Classey, Ltd. London. The giant horned caterpillar has a bluish-green body, curved spiny red horns with black tips, orangey-red head, and black spines on its body. . Stinging Rose Caterpillar (Parasa indetermina). Figure 23. Although it looks like a stinging caterpillar, the banded woolly bear doesnt sting and isnt poisonous. Spines are hollow with a toxin gland at the base. These make the zebra longwing poisonous and foul-tasting to predators. The following wasp parasitoids of Orgyia definita and Orgyia leucostigma are recorded by Krombein et al. 8. The moth is covered in lengthy fuzznot venomous spineswith colors ranging from a dull orange to a bright, lemon yellow, but its fuzzy feet are always black. These are barbed bristles or spines that can lodge in your skin and break off. Caterpillars reach maturity and wander in search of sites to spin their cocoons in early April in Florida. Its easy to identify an azalea caterpillar due to its rusty brown or orange oval head, black and green stripes, and brownish-orange tail end. Orgyia leucostigma: Polyphagous. In addition, this small furry caterpillar has orangey spiny tufts on its back, tan-colored tufts along its sides, and a hairy brown body. Some people experience severe reaction to the poison released by the spines and . The species is found from New Jersey to Florida and west to Arkansas and Texas. However, there can be color variations, with some buck moth caterpillars appearing mostly white or brown. The Io moth caterpillar is a green stinging caterpillar that you can find in Florida. Although tersa sphinx moths sometimes wander as far north as Canada, they mainly live in the tropics and in the southeastern states, from Texas to Florida and into North and South Carolina. They are now classified in the subfamily Lymantriinae in the family Erebidae (Beadle & Leckie 2012). The beautiful Io moth, Automeris io (Fabricius), is one of our most recognizable moths. Unlike other caterpillars in this list, Diprion pini is not from the moth or butterfly order Lepidoptera. This green Florida caterpillar has a pale-yellow stripe running along its sides. In addition, the small green caterpillars have yellowish-green bands separating the segments. Symptoms vary in severity to include burning or stinging, itching, redness, and inflammation. Southern Flannel Caterpillar (Megalopyge opercularis). Henn T, Weinzierl R, Koehler PG. Gulf fritillary caterpillars mature at 0.5 (1.2 cm) in length. Gilmer (1925) conducted histological studies of the urticating setae of Orgyia leucostigma and found that each seta has a venom gland at its base. "If you do see one, leaving them alone is the best thing to do," he added. The yellow body is marked with wide black stripe down the back bordered with red at each end. Other symptoms may include headaches, nausea, vomiting, intense abdominal distress,. Body main color | Body main pattern | Distinct features | Hair density: Check boxes for all that apply. There are butterflies who also take nectar or, in rare cases, pollen from poisonous plants. Mature puss caterpillars begin to spin their cocoons by making a thin framework of silk using their hair covering as support. Adults emerge from mid-April to early May. There is a white or yellow line on each side of the dark mid-dorsal line of leucostigma (Ferguson 1978, Godfrey 1987). The cloudless sulphur caterpillar is a light green caterpillar with black raised dots producing small spines. The dark form is more common, its black with tiny white dots while the light form is white with a reddish head. The furry puss caterpillar, the larval stage of the southern flannel moth, is one of the most poisonous caterpillars in the US. Detrita and U.S. populations of leucostigma have bright red heads while definita are unique because of their tan or yellow heads. Stinging and Venomous Caterpillars of the Southeast, Florida Master Gardener Volunteer Program, UF/IFAS Extension: Solutions for Your Life, Institute of Food & Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), College of Agricultural and Life Sciences (CALS). Forester moth caterpillars grow up to 4.7 ( 12.5 cm) in their final instar. In the event of a possible plant poisoning, call your physician, veterinarian or Florida Poison Control (1-800-222-1222). White-Marked Tussock Caterpillar (Orgyia leucostigma). Caterpillars of this species feed on plants in the madder family, including pentas. American dagger moth caterpillars grow up to 2 (5 cm) long. Some less common ones also occur in the state. To identify poisonous Florida caterpillars, look for a fuzzy body with stinging spines. Browntail moths are most common along Maine's coast . According to the University of Florida, the four major stinging caterpillars found in Florida are the puss caterpillar, saddleback caterpillar, Io moth caterpillar and hag caterpillar.. For example, the long, plump caterpillar is light green when feeding on green foliage. The imperial moth caterpillar is a horned caterpillar with long spiky horns at its head and a jaggy tail-like protrusion at its rear end. Cabbage looper caterpillars grow up to 1.5 (4 cm). Part II. Borror DJ. The multi-branched spines contain toxins that can sting if they break off in the skin. Its easy to identify a hickory horned devil caterpillar due to its characteristic arched red and black horns, black spiny spikes, and bluish-green appearance. 1922. This horned caterpillar species has a pointed black projection at its tail end resembling a horn. White Flannel Moth Caterpillar (Norape ovina) The mature white flannel moth caterpillar can reach 1-1/4 inch in length. Photograph by Donald W. Hall, University of Florida. Spines have a toxin gland at the base that is released when spines break off into the skin. The striped caterpillars grow up to 2 (5 cm) long. 1. Milkweed tiger caterpillars grow 1.4 (3.5 cm) long. Puss caterpillars feed on a variety of broadleaf trees and shrubs, and are most often found on oaks and citrus. A characteristic feature of the cloudless sulphur caterpillar is that its color changes depending on its food. Banded Woolly Bear Caterpillar (Pyrrharctia isabella). For a detailed taxonomic history and synonyms, see Ferguson (1978). Florida (101) Missouri (101) North Carolina (101) Maryland (99) Michigan (99) Mississippi (99) Nebraska (98) New Hampshire (98) . A buck moth caterpillar is easy to identify by its black color, masses of white tiny spots, and jaggy appearance. The caterpillar of the Douglas-Fir Tussock Moth (Orgyia pseudotsugata) feeds on firs, spruce, Douglas-firs, and other evergreens of the western United States and are a major cause of their defoliation. E.W. Despite being a bizarre-looking green caterpillar, the large, plump caterpillar turns into one of Floridas most beautiful brown moths. Youll find these furry yellow caterpillars feeding on hickory, maples, birch, and oak leaves. 512 pp. Io moth caterpillars grow to be 6.5 cm long; they are pale green with a white and a red strip down the length of their bodies. Furthermore, females stay in their protective cases. Also, large numbers of larvae blown onto small landscape trees may result in severe defoliation. Cloudless Sulphur caterpillar (Phoebis sennae). White Admiral Caterpillar (Limenitis arthemis). These caterpillars get their name from their appearance. The black caterpillar has recognizable red bands visible in between sharp spines. The spiny hairs are also urticating, meaning they will cause itching or dermatitis if they break off and stick in your skin. Description A large caterpillar, 1-3/4 to 2-1/4 long when mature. Orgyia sp. The Florida cecropia moth caterpillar, is an easy-to-identify fat caterpillar that has pronounced segments with rows of blue and yellow fleshy bumps, black spikes, and several orange tubercles at its head. Pathogens: Orgyia caterpillars are infected by nuclear polyhedrosis viruses (Baculovirus) (Cunningham 1972) and cytoplasmic polyhedrosis viruses (Cypovirus) (Hayashi and Bird 1968). With younger black-wave flannel moth caterpillars, the long wispy hairs hide the venomous short, sharp spines. In 2017, a Florida woman's 5-year-old son accidentally stepped on one as he played outside. Krombein KV, Hurd PD, Jr., Smith DR, Burks BD. The oblong appearance and fuzzy spines make it difficult to identify the head end from its tail end. The black circles surrounded by a yellow ring and white pattern create false eyespots with a reflection. Red admiral caterpillars grow 1 (2.5 cm) long. Instead, it is the larvae of the pine sawflya brown, winged insect that looks like a type of wasp. There are also blue circular patterns on its segments. Pictures of four poisonous caterpillars in Florida. It is common in Florida during the fall and spring on oak and elm trees and was recently sighted in Clermont, Florida, according to FOX 35 News. Luna moth caterpillars have a characteristic habit of raising the front part of their body. Youll notice that the stripy caterpillar has six large fleshy tentaclestwo pairs near its head and two shorter horns at its tail end. Residents in Central Florida are warning others that the "Puss Caterpillars," often described as being. Female fir tussock moth (Orgyia detrita) applying secretion to her egg mass. Further Reading: Moth Life Cycle. Last year, the Florida Poison Centers got 393 calls about people stung by. Most calls to poison centers about insect and spider bites do not need emergency medical treatment and can be safely managed at home; exceptions include cases . Young larvae eat holes in leaves. Their fluffy "fur" actually hides small, sharp, spines that stick in your skin. Fir tussock moth caterpillar (Orgyia detrita) exhibiting pose typical of nuclear polyhedrosis virus (Baculovirus) infection. Large live oak tree defoliated by fir tussock moth (Orgyia detrita) caterpillars. Female whitemarked tussock moth (Orgyia leucostigma) on egg mass. In addition, several varieties of stinging caterpillars in the Sunshine State can give you a nasty sting if you handle them. Second instar fir tussock moth larva (Orgyia detrita). As the long-tailed skipper caterpillar matures, its body becomes pale green, and it develops pinkish patterns. Those infected with nuclear polyhedrosis virus typically die in a characteristic pose - hanging limp by their prolegs. Despite its fearsome look, this green caterpillar is entirely harmless. Rash illness outbreaks at daycare facilities associated with the tussock moth caterpillar, April 2004 and April 2005. Like many types of caterpillars, the polyphemus moth caterpillars look slightly different in each instar. Woolly Bear Caterpillars and their adult-form, Isabella Tiger Moths, are found in incredibly varied climates, even the Arctic! Poisonous glands attached to stinging spines can cause skin irritation if you handle this fuzzy caterpillar. cocoons among foliage of ballmoss (Tillandsia recurvata). Look for jaggy horn-like upward-pointing spikes along its back and small clumps of spines along its sides. Giant silkworm moth larvae and flannel moth caterpillars are specifically noted for their ability to cause a painful sting. When human skin or those of pets are exposed to these excretions, it results in allergic reactions and in other cases . 2009. The characteristics of the red admiral caterpillar that helps identify it are a shiny black body covered in bands of spiny spikes. Stings from this caterpillar are milder than the stings of other stinging caterpillars. Stinging caterpillars dont sting with a stinger the way wasps or bees do, they have stinging hairs called urticating hairs. Photograph by Donald W. Hall, University of Florida. Here are some mildly poisonous caterpillars that are best to be stayed away from.. American Dagger Moth Acronicta americana. Photograph by Donald W. Hall, University of Florida. They grow around an inch long and can be found throughout Florida. A Richmond, Virginia, resident described. Health and safety-wise, moths pose no harm or threat to humans - they are neither poisonous nor dangerous. In Florida, youll find this small, slender black and orange caterpillar munching through Passiflora plant foliage. A comparative study of the poison apparatus of certain lepidopterous larvae. Saddleback caterpillars get their name from their saddle-like markinga square green patch with a large brown circle in the middle. These caterpillars do not possess stingers, but have spines (nettling hairs) that are connected to poison glands. Intense throbbing pain develops within five minutes of contact with pain extending up the affected arm. Saddleback caterpillars feed on a variety of plants including maples, hibiscus, palms, and crapemyrtle. Detrita and definita females cover their eggs with a secretion and then rub setae from their bodies onto the secretion to form a protective layer over the eggs. Some are more poisonous than others. The Asp: A Caterpillar That's Dangerous for Pets. Mayfield Publishing Company. People apparently vary somewhat in their sensitivity to Orgyia species hairs. These insidious creatures spend the winter in cocoons and emerge twice a yearin the spring and fall. You will also notice a red and white stripe along each side. They might look cute and fuzzy, but don't let their innocuous appearance fool you. Orgyia sp. The Io moth, like many of the other saturniid moths, is less common now in parts of its range. Cabbage Looper Caterpillar (Trichoplusia ni). The polyphemus moth caterpillar grows 3 to 4 (7.6 10 cm) long. Identification of the white admiral caterpillar is by its brownish-olive body with white, uneven blotches on its back and along its sides. You can find red admiral caterpillars feeding on stinging nettle leaves. Giant Leopard Caterpillar (Hypercompe scribonia). For photographs of pinned and spread specimens of males of the Lymantriinae, see Ferguson (1978). Apr 12, 2012 at 7:33 am. These hairs can be as long as 1 inch. Fabric with image of Orgyia detrita male. Because adult females are flightless, ballooning by young larvae is the major mode of dispersal. Recently molted male fir tussock moth (Orgyia detrita) pupa (lateral view), Orgyia detrita. Additionally, they have metallic brown wings. It is found in great abundance particularly in Florida, United States where it thrives in tropical habitats. The pain immediately and rapidly gets worse after being stung, and can even make your bones hurt," University of Florida entomologist Don Hall told National Geographic. The Zebra Longwing ( Heliconius charithonia) butterfly is easy to recognize by the zebra-like pattern on its wings. EPI-NOTES Disease Surveillance Newsletter. If control measures are required, chemical insecticide or Bacillus thuringiensis applications recommended for control of other caterpillars should be effective. The long-tailed skipper caterpillar is a large green slug-like caterpillar with rings of yellow dots around its segments and lateral greenish-yellow green lines running the length of its back. The tomato hornworm is a bright green caterpillar with V-shaped markings and a row of eye-like markings along its sides. Monkey slug caterpillars have stinging hairs that can cause a painful sting if you handle it. The genus name Orgyia (Greek for the length of the outstretched arms [Borror 1960]), is based on this pose. Caterpillars and Moths. They are characterized by hair pencils of black setae that extend forward from the prespiracular verrucae of the prothorax, a dorsal hair pencil of black setae on the eighth abdominal segment, dorsal tussocks on the first four abdominal segments, and mid-dorsal glandular structures on abdominal segments six and seven. The orange gulf fritillary caterpillar also has grayish-black stripes running longitudinally along its back. However, it becomes yellow when munching on yellow leaves. Medical attention may be necessary for more severe reactions. After contact a sudden stinging or burning sensation begins and the affected area may begin to itch and turn red. The southern flannel caterpillar (or puss caterpillar) is a type of hairy caterpillar that causes a nasty sting if you handle it. The southern flannel caterpillar also has the common name puss caterpillar because it looks like a Persian cat. The spiny caterpillar has a dark body with lateral blue bands, yellow lines, and white patches. It is yellow-brown to purplish-black with many small white spots and a reddish head. Orgyia detrita: Coastal Plain from Long Island to Florida and Gulf States west to Texas (Ferguson 1978, Wagner 2005, Orgyia detrita entry at North American Moth Photographers Group web site). The caterpillars also have the trait of raising their front end when feeding. It has a black head and a lemon yellow body. 8 Black And Orange Caterpillars That Are Poisonous. Feeds on oak, willow and other deciduous plants. It'll also put you in a world of pain. Her expertise extends from weddings and animals to every pop culture moment in between. Description [ edit] M. opercularis caterpillar on Kent Island, Maryland White feathery spines also stick out from its sides. Unfortunately, because of their green coloring, tomato hornworms can be difficult to spot under tomato leaves. The evolving global epidemiology, syndromic classification, management, and prevention of caterpillar envenoming. Orgyia leucostigma: Entire eastern U.S. and west to Minnesota and Texas (Ferguson 1978, Orgyia leucostigma entry at North American Moth Photographers Group web site). It's always a good idea to take a physical sample or photos of the plant to . Figure 12. Youll also notice feathery spines on this striped Florida caterpillar. Insects and Spiders. Fully grown, swallowtail caterpillars measure 2.1 (5.5 cm) long. Despite their soft appearance, the insect's hairs pack a painful punch. The saddleback caterpillar is easy to identify due to its unusual green and brown saddle marking, two spiny horns at either end, and two yellow eye-like markings on its head. (Inset: photomicrograph of antrose [distally projecting] barbs on urticating setae of the tussocks). A few species are known to sting, which can cause mild skin irritations, but none contain venom that may be harmful to people. Orgyia detrita (the fir tussock moth) is the most common of the species in Florida followed by Orgyia leucostigma (the whitemarked tussock moth) and finally Orgyia definita (the definite tussock moth), which is rare in Florida (Foltz 2004). They are a common sight in backyards all over Florida, and can even provide benefits to your garden. For example, many caterpillars only feed on specific types of shrubs, plants, or trees. The recognizable feature of an azalea caterpillar is its round orange head and tail section. 134 pp. You can also call Miami Poison Control at 800-222-1222. Gainesville, Florida. 2011) have also been reported to attack the larvae up in the trees. The identifiable features of the cecropia caterpillar are its large, ridge-like segments, blue and orange tubercles with black spikes, and a lime green body. This article is an identification guide to Floridas exotic, scary, stinging, horned, furry, and smooth-bodied caterpillars. Photograph by Lyle J. Buss, University of Florida. Catalogue of the Tachinidae (Diptera) of North America north of Mexico. Adults: Adults are dimorphic. 2004. Florida is home to many types of caterpillars. For example, many caterpillars only feed on specific types of shrubs, plants, or trees. Parasitoids of Orgyia detrita and Orgyia definita have not been well-studied, but those of Orgyia leucostigma are well documented. The monkey slug caterpillar is one of the most unusual brown hairy caterpillars youll find in Florida. Pipevine swallowtail caterpillars grow 2 (5 cm) long. The caterpillar is also mildly toxic to birds and other predators. As the imperial moth caterpillar goes through its instars, it gradually becomes darker and hairier. The zebra longwing caterpillar is a pale gray crawling insect with long black fleshy spikes often found in the southern United States. Gardening; Biology Basics. In some years the larvae are very numerous and become a problem when they leave their host plants to search for suitable sites to spin their cocoons. It is distinctive because of its prominent hind wing eyespots. 2003, Gries et al. This can cause irritation similar to handling fiberglass. To identify the queen butterfly caterpillar, look for recognizable black and white stripes in between black bands with two yellow markings. Rather, a black widow bite can cause muscle aches, nausea, and difficulty breathing. Puss caterpillars are 2.5 cm long and covered with gray to brown hairs that conceal its head and mouthparts. The 14 poisonous caterpillars that we are going to discuss are: Puss Caterpillar Saddleback Caterpillar Pipevine Swallowtail Caterpillar Io Moth Caterpillar Bag Shelter Caterpillar Monarch Caterpillars Hag Moth Caterpillar Hickory Tussock Caterpillar Pine Processionary Caterpillar Cinnabar Moth Caterpillar Stinging Rose Caterpillar Lonomia Obliqua Figure 5. The saddleback caterpillar is a slug-like caterpillar with large spiked poisonous horns that can give a nasty sting. The red admiral is a spiky black caterpillar that has identifiable fleshy spines and white tiny dots. 17 Poisonous Caterpillars to Watch Out For. The oleander caterpillar, Syntomeida epilais Walker, a bright orange caterpillar with tufts of long black hairs, is a common sight on oleanders in Florida and southern Georgia according to the UF/IFAS. Photograph by Donald W. Hall, University of Florida. Goldman et al. The stinging rose moth caterpillar is a colorful venomous caterpillar found along the east coast from New York to Florida. Definite tussock moth (Orgyia definita) caterpillar (front view). Palo Alto, California. A bizarre little insect that looks like a walking toupe and squirts venomous pus from knifelike spines is terrorizing Virginia this year, according to the state's Department of Forestry (VDoF).. ORLANDO, Fla. - The venomous puss caterpillars are popping up around Central Florida - and you'll want to keep your distance! Symptoms can include a burning or stinging sensation, redness, and inflammation. Fir tussock moth (Orgyia detrita) caterpillar (light form). Cecropia moth caterpillar grows around 4.5 (10 cm) long. Non-venomous caterpillars that cause skin irritation. The caterpillar with the most painful sting, at least in North America, is a species known to science as Megalopyge opercularis. 2009. Their fluffy "fur" actually hides small, sharp, spines that stick in your skin. The characteristic traits of the eight-spotted forester caterpillar are thick black-spotted orange stripes, tufts of thin spines, and white and black stripes. . In addition, the ovoid-shaped caterpillar has venomous spiny poison-filled tubercles that can sting. Moths are dangerous to pets and human beings since they contaminate human food and pet food. Polka-Dot Wasp Moth caterpillars (Syntomeida epilais) abound in Florida.
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